Process of preserving fish.



iuuin T IW'AN IVVANOWITSCH KONONOFF, OLE ASTRAKHAN, RUSSIA.

PROCESS OF ienssnnvmo FISH.

No Drawing.

Specificatiop of Letters Patent.

lilzrtenteel ent. 5. 1911.

Application filed May 4, 1909., Serial No. 493.841.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IWAN lwANowI'rscir KoNoNoEF, a subject of the Czarof: llussia, and residing at Astrakhan-on-the-Volgo, Russia, haveinvented. a certain new and use- :tul Improvement in Processes ofPreserving Fish, of which the following is a specification.

T he subject-matter of my invention is an improved process of preservingfish by salting them.

Fish. have always been preserved heretolore by a number of them beingplaced in layers on the bottom oi it suitably large ceplacle, whengranular salt Was sti-eweel upon them, a new layer of fish was put intoi a: 'ece itacle, whereupon another layer of --u-, followed, and so on.ln most instances,

v for a suitably low ten'iperature simultaneously with the suitingoperation, the w rl" ol suiting the lish generally being done w llurs inorder to prevent the (1 true 1 the preserved and already salt cl fish.

is also generally neces my to use a low temperature when the fishconveyed from the fishing ground to lantl or to the place of treatment,especially as in most instances here is 2. period of several days he tw,en the time of catching and working up. In such instances,therefore, itis necessary to provide the steame accompanying a fishn' o lieet withsuitable refrigerating chum.- hci in. order to obtain tolerahly goodmaterial for working up. Nevertheless the percentage oi: spoiled lish isalways relatively lur In ltlition, however, in the process oi. sa in t nc istoinary heretofore, the action of the salt on the bodies oi? thefish is by no means uniform in spite of the described niorle oioperation, and very frequently parts of the lish are sullicientlypreserved, whereas other parts, which are not properly exposed to the:iCilOH of the salt, are more or ii spoiled. Also the circumstance thatthe fish are arranged in numerous superposed. layers null consequentlythe lower lay are subjected to relatively Severe pressure, causes theaction of the z rzulually dissolving salt on lhe compressed bodies ofthe fish in these lower layers to he insullicieut, so that ii. sometimeshappens that the :rliace of the fish appears to he preserved, whereas inthe interior, where the salt or the salt solution could not penetrate,(lecay has already occurred. For these reasons it follows that wvever,it necessary in addition to pro the manner of pr serving fishes bysulting usual heretofore is insullicient, as relatively large lossesoccur; n'ioreovei,carrying such a. process of preservin into practicerequires very exceptionally large means and plants,

as otherwise the business cannot be nuule a commercial success. Lastly,as this known process is connected with the employment of a relativelylarge quantity of salt, it will also be readily understood that such aprocess can only he used. in districts where salt and. icearesullicicntly anal cheaply at (lisposal. By \vey oi simple it nuiy beincntinned that the uuove (leseril'ierl, known process of preservingfish is euq'iloyetl most extensively in south Russia, but that it hasheretofore been found llT'iPOSSlillO to introduce this process intotiheria aiul Persia in consequence of the want of salt in the ternierand ice in the latter country, regarded from a conunen-cial standpointNi) 7 a ijirii'nury object o'li' my invention lsto provide 2! process ofpre erving}; fish by salting" which is materially simpler thanpreservino' processes known heretofore, utul. one in m h on the one handthe quantity of salt use l is (lll'nllllj lliilh and on the other handcan he carried into practice imn'iediulely :ii'ter the fish are caught,and conserpiently (loos :Hvay with the employment of rel'rigerotinp;chambers which was necessarily extei'isive heretohn'e.

Accolilingr in my invention the lish are not suited with granular. solhlsalt which only goes into ;olut-ion and must penetrate as such more oress in the course of time into the bullies of the lisah, hut, on thecontrary, the salt is usm'l iron"; the very first in the 'lorm of asolution a l(l is inieetcil (lirecllv into the limlies of the lishthemselves by means of a suiluhle syringe. The salt SUllh lion isinjected inuumlialely alter the lish have been caught aiul h'illeal,unil before the circulaliou ol' the iilooil erases, the syringe lillmlwith sail solution being introduced wilh its poinl at a suilaole placefolder the scales oi the lish aiul a (li'linile quantity oi the saltsolution injccleti. The quantity of the null solution, the size of thesyringe, particularly its point, lcpeu l of course on the size aiulhiiul of the fish. in general it has liven 'l'ouzul preferable to use arather larger quantity of sail. then is absolutely necessary forpreserving; the fish. The color and shape of the scales, fins amlparticularly also the shape and color of the eye, as Well as the -1n thebody appearance of the flesh is not changed at all, so that, as comparedwith products obtained eret-ofore, a considerable improvement isobtained. Also, however, this injection of the salt solution immediatelyafter the fish have been caught and killed causes the entire fish to epreserved at once, since the salt solution becomes distributed uniformlyof the fish, and

means for preserving is entirely superfluous. Therefore the fish can epreserved in the described manner either on the smacks belonging to thefishing fleet or on thcsteamers accompanying-the s'ame being providedwith the otherwise necessary refrigerating chamthe otherwise Likewise,of course, necessary treatment of the fish on land in the largeice-cellars s done away with, the

It will be readil understood from the above that the emp oyment of mypreserving process is applicable not only to the rich and Well fitted-upfisheries as heretofore, but also to poorer fishers. Likewise it followsfrom the above that my process can also be (1 in those countries anddistricts Where sa t per se is relatively dear and rare because thequantity of salt necessary for serving a fish is only about one half ofthat required according to processes known heretofore and acts veryintensively on every individual fish.

l. The herein described process of preserving fish, which consists inkilling the fish, and then injecting before the circulation of the bloodceases a solution of salt into the body of the fish. 2. The hereindescribed process of preserving fish, which consists in first killingthe fish, and then injecting before the circulation of the blood ceases,a pure salt solution at one or more places under the scales of the fish.

In testimony, that I claim theforegoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IWAN 'IWANOWITSCH KONONOEF.

Witnesses: A

WOLDEMAR HAUPT,

NRY HASPER.

